Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n kho\u00e1ng v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ba xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh: \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng nhu c\u1ea7u l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb quy tr\u00ecnh Haber-Bosch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng sang c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o (green ammonia). C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i Trung \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 B\u1eafc \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m t\u1edbi 90% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i CO2 tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u1ecdc polymer ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc (biodegradable coating) cho ph\u00e2n ur\u00ea v\u00e0 NPK c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00ean 30-40%.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn IoT v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd trang tr\u1ea1i (Farm Management Software) cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nh\u01b0 Yara v\u00e0 Nutrien \u0111\u00e3 ra m\u1eaft n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng “ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n th\u00f4ng minh” k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p AI \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o nhu c\u1ea7u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, gi\u1ea3m l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n
D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1t 9,7 t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2050, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nhu c\u1ea7u l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c t\u0103ng 60%. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn l\u00ean ng\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n kali (KCl) v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n (DAP\/MAP) t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Phi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 vi sinh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n tan ch\u1eadm \u0111ang l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n
Gi\u00e1 kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (chi\u1ebfm 70-80% chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m) v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 qu\u1eb7ng photphat \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2022-2024. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t do chi ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0103ng cao, trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u1ea1i Trung \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Nga h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00ed gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c n\u00e0y \u0111ang th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kho d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a ngu\u1ed3n cung.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t v\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Nga – nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi – \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c2u sang ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 Latinh. Trung Qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e2n ur\u00ea v\u00e0 DAP \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba, t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb Canada, Morocco v\u00e0 \u1ea2 R\u1eadp Saudi.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1n ph\u00e1 gi\u00e1 (AD) v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf carbon xuy\u00ean bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi (CBAM) c\u1ee7a EU \u0111ang si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n duy tr\u00ec th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do (FTA) nh\u01b0 RCEP v\u00e0 CPTPP \u0111ang t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n
* **Ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n (2024-2026):** Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng do chi ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1eadm t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn. Gi\u00e1 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 do ngu\u1ed3n cung t\u1eeb Nga v\u00e0 Trung \u0110\u00f4ng d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o.
\n* **Trung h\u1ea1n (2026-2030):** C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t xanh s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y amoniac xanh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n tan ch\u1eadm s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao c\u1ea5p. Nhu c\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 Nam \u00c1 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh.
\n* **Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb:** C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00ean t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o (1) \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 c\u1ea1nh tranh, (2) \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 R&D v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c (l\u00faa, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, cao su), v\u00e0 (3) x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u00eanh ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u00f4ng qua n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n kho\u00e1ng v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e3 r\u1ebd l\u1ecbch s\u1eed: ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn chi ph\u00ed cao \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i xanh, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n do c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1eeb b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i linh ho\u1ea1t s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 t\u1edbi.h2{color:#23416b!important; border-bottom:2px solid #eee!important; padding-bottom:5px!important; margin-top:25px!important;} p{margin-bottom:1.5em!important; line-height:1.7!important;}<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00e1o C\u00e1o Th\u1ecb Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chuy\u00ean S\u00e2u: Ph\u00e2n B\u00f3n Kho\u00e1ng v\u00e0 H\u00f3a H\u1ecdc (Giai \u0110o\u1ea1n 2024-2030)<\/p>\n
1. T\u1ed5ng Quan & \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c Th\u1ecb Tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n
Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n kho\u00e1ng v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ba xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh: \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng nhu c\u1ea7u l\u01b0\u01a1ng th<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":210,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1360],"tags":[5036,5549,5547,5548,909],"class_list":["post-2840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mineral-and","tag-cong-nghe-xanh","tag-nong-nghiep","tag-phan-bon","tag-thi-truong-hoa-chat","tag-thuong-mai-toan-cau"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2840","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/210"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2840"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2840\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2840"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2840"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2840"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}