Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1n d\u1eabn v\u00e0 vi m\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p (IC) \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea1m vi m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o quan tr\u1ecdng cho s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i.<\/p>\n
Cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Moore ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y, d\u00f9 g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd. C\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi 3nm (nanomet) \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t, trong khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh 2nm v\u00e0 1.6nm \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh. Song song \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 Transistor Nanosheet (GAAFET), c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p chiplet (\u0111a chip) v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i 2.5D\/3D ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn (nh\u01b0 TSMC’s CoWoS, Intel’s Foveros) \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t khi vi\u1ec7c thu nh\u1ecf thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng “Chip c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t” (ASIC) v\u00e0 “H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean chip” (SoC) cho c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI), \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao (HPC), v\u00e0 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n (EV) \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh. C\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p CPU, GPU, NPU (\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ea7n kinh) v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, \u0111ang t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n
Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111ang th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp s\u00e2u v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chip (EDA), gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c v\u00e0 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u00e1n d\u1eabn c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t (nh\u01b0 SiC – Silicon Carbide v\u00e0 GaN – Gallium Nitride) \u0111ang c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u00f4 t\u00f4 nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao.<\/p>\n
Nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i, m\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 AI, m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. Nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 chip GPU, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng cao (HBM), v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u01b0\u1ee3t cung, t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c doanh thu ch\u00ednh cho c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
D\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e3o h\u00f2a t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng smartphone cao c\u1ea5p v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c chip x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng (AP) v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 modem 5G ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a PC v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111eo th\u00f4ng minh c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a. M\u1ed7i xe \u0111i\u1ec7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea5p ba so v\u1edbi xe truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c chip c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 vi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 IoT ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chip \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111ang \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt CHIPS & SCIENCE c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p B\u00e1n d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a EU, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c g\u00f3i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 t\u1eeb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, \u0110\u00e0i Loan \u0111ang th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh “c\u1eadn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u00f3a” (near-shoring) v\u00e0 “b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 h\u00f3a” (friend-shoring) chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd duy nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 sau b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n
Chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ed1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111ang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i khu v\u1ef1c h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t wafer, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u00e1n d\u1eabn ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn (thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m EDA, chip hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao) \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ee7i ro chia t\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0nh b\u00e1n d\u1eabn s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1, AI v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u00f3a. Tuy nhi\u00ean, chu k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u1eabn s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng do y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ed3n kho v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhu c\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ea7n linh ho\u1ea1t trong chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c trong c\u00e1c li\u00ean minh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o R&D \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1eeb chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a chip. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 tham gia s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng (nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn) l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
h2{color:#23416b!important; border-bottom:2px solid #eee!important; padding-bottom:5px!important; margin-top:25px!important;} p{margin-bottom:1.5em!important; line-height:1.7!important;}<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00e1o C\u00e1o Th\u1ecb Tr\u01b0\u1eddng: C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 B\u00e1n D\u1eabn v\u00e0 Vi M\u1ea1ch T\u00edch H\u1ee3p<\/p>\n
1. T\u1ed5ng Quan Ng\u00e0nh C\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p Then Ch\u1ed1t
\nNg\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1n d\u1eabn v\u00e0 vi m\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p (IC) \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea1m vi m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":192,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[336],"tags":[3244,398,3245,2805,3243],"class_list":["post-1539","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-integrated-circuits","tag-chat-ban-dan","tag-chuoi-cung-ung","tag-dia-chinh-tri","tag-doi-moi-cong-nghe","tag-vi-mach-tich-hop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1539","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/192"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1539"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1539\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1539"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1539"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a.slayhot.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1539"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}